Labroides dimidiatus, also known as cleaner fish, are easily recognizable by their bright blue-and-white coloring, which serves as a signal to other fish. These fish are specialists in removing parasites from the bodies and gills of other fish, which is crucial for their health.
Research published in the BMC Biology journal has shown that Labroides dimidiatus specialize in locating parasites not only through smell but also by sight, an adaptation to their role in the natural environment.
Studies have revealed that Labroides dimidiatus have undergone specific genetic changes that enable them to effectively remove parasites. According to published data, Labroides dimidiatus have a reduced number of olfactory receptor genes (ORs) compared to other fish in the Labridae family. This indicates an adaptation to locating parasites mainly through sight, which is crucial in their environment where quick and efficient parasite detection is necessary for their cleaning role.
Additionally, the research showed lower dN/dS ratios in the DNA of these fish, indicating stronger purifying selection, which may suggest greater evolutionary stability of those genes critical to their ecological niche. The dN/dS ratio refers to the ratio of nonsynonymous to synonymous changes in DNA, which is a measure of evolutionary pressure on genes.
In natural coral reefs and in aquariums, Labroides dimidiatus set up so-called “cleaning stations,” where other fish can come to be rid of parasites, which is especially important for maintaining the health of the fish population. Regular cleaning of the skin and gills from parasites helps prevent infections and limit the spread of diseases.
Although Labroides dimidiatus offer significant benefits in controlling parasites, they cannot be the only method of control over parasites and diseases. Other methods must also be used, such as quarantine for new fish, regular water quality testing, and proper feeding practices. In cases where the cleaner fish are unable to cope with specific diseases on their own, consultation with a specialist and additional medical treatments may be necessary.
In summary, Labroides dimidiatus play an irreplaceable role in both natural and artificial marine ecosystems. Their ability to remove parasites, supporting the health of other fish, makes them not only fascinating but also essential residents of reefs and aquariums.
About the author
Grzegorz Bubak
My fascination with marine aquariums began over two decades ago when I stumbled upon an article about this topic in a magazine. Since then, the underwater world has become my obsession and passion, shaping my everyday life. I started my adventure with marine aquariums with soft corals, which were my first step into this fascinating world. Over time, captivated by the diversity and beauty of SPS corals, I decided to focus on their cultivation, which continues to fill me with constant wonder.
Thanks to my experience and passion for marine aquariums, I am ready to share my knowledge and expertise with other enthusiasts in this field. I am happy to be part of the Reef Pedia community, which serves as an invaluable source of information for all marine aquarium lovers.